Computer Science

APA

Find APA information here:

APA Citation Formats

Book:

Author, A. A. (Publication Year).Title. Publisher.

example: Sapolsky, R. M. (2017). Behave: The biology of humans at our best and worst. Penguin Books.

Article in a Journal:

Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C. C. (Year). Title of article. Title of Periodical, volume number(issue number), pages. https://doi.org/xx.xxx/yyyy

example: Grady, J. S., Her, M., Moreno, G., Perez, C., & Yelinek, J. (2019). Emotions in storybooks: A comparison of storybooks that represent ethnic and racial groups in the United States. Psychology of Popular Media Culture, 8(3), 207–217. https://doi.org/10.1037/ppm0000185

Website:

Author, A. A. (Year, Month Date). Title of webpage. Name of Website. URL

example: Bologna, C. (2019, October 31). Why some people with anxiety love watching horror movies. HuffPost. https://www.huffpost.com/entry/anxiety-love-watching-horror-movies_l_5d277587e4b02a5a5d57b59e

In Text:

(Author Last Name, Publication Year)

ex. A meta-analysis of available literature (Jones, 1998) revealed inconsistency across large-scale studies of student learning.

MLA

Find MLA information here:

MLA Citation Formats

Book:

Last Name, First Name. Title of Book. Publisher, Year of Publication.

Example: Mantel, Hilary. Wolf Hall. Picador, 2010.

Article in a Journal:

Author(s). "Title of Article." Title of Journal, Volume, Issue, Year, pages.

Example: Goldman, Anne. “Questions of Transport: Reading Primo Levi Reading Dante.” The Georgia Review, vol. 64, no. 1, Spring 2010, pp. 69-88. https://www.jstor.org/stable/41403188.

Website:

Author. "Title of Webpage." Title of Entire Site. Distributor of Website, Date Published, URL (without http://). 

Example: Slat, Boyan. “Whales Likely Impacted by Great Pacific Garbage Patch.” The Ocean Cleanup, 10 Apr. 2019, www.theoceancleanup.com/updates/whales-likely-impacted-by-great-pacific-garbage-patch.

In Text:

(Author Last Name Page Number)

Example: A meta-analysis of available literature (Smith 263) revealed inconsistency across large-scale studies of student learning.

Chicago/Turabian

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Chicago/Turabian Citation Formats

Book:

Author's Last Name, First Name. Title of Book. City of Publisher: Publisher, Year.

Example: Caraco, Jess. Holding It Together. New York: Portfolio/Penguin, 2024.

Journal Article:

Author's Last Name, First Name. "Title of Article." Title of Journal volume number, issue number (Year): page numbers. URL or DOI if available.

Example: Dorson, James. "Demystifying the Judge: Law and Mythical Violence in Cormac McCarthy’s 'Blood Meridian.'" Journal of Modern Literature 36, no. 2 (2013): 105-121. https://doi.org/10.2979/jmodelite.36.2.105.

Website:

Author's Last Name, First Name. "Title of Webpage." Website Name. Date of Publication or Last Update. URL.

Example: Zitron, Ed. "How Does OpenAI Survive." Where's Your Ed At. 28 July 2024. https://www.wheresyoured.at/to-serve-altman/.

In-text:

Author-date in-text citations: (Author Last Name Publication Year, Page Number)

Example: A meta-analysis of available literature (Mays 2014, 23) revealed inconsistency across large-scale studies of student learning.

Citations in footnotes or endnotes: first citation is marked with a 1, your second with a 2, and so on.

Example: A meta-analysis of available literature revealed inconsistency across large-scale studies of student learning.1

IEEE

Find IEEE information here:

IEEE Citation Formats

Book:

[1] Author(s), Title of Book, xth ed. City of Publisher, (only U.S. State), Country: Publisher, Year.

Example: [1] J. K. Author, Introduction to Electronics, 2nd ed. New York, NY, USA: ABC Publishing, 2020.

Journal:

[1] Author(s), "Title of Paper," Abbrev. Journal Name, vol. x, no. x, pp. xxx-xxx, Month, Year.

Example: [1] A. B. Author and C. D. Author, "Title of Paper," IEEE Trans. on Communications, vol. 58, no. 6, pp. 1234-1245, Jun. 2020.

Website:

[1] Author(s) or Organization, "Title of Webpage," Website Name. [Online]. Available: URL. [Accessed: Month Day, Year].

Example: [1] E. Zitron, "How Does OpenAI Survive," Where's Your Ed At. [Online]. Available: https://www.wheresyoured.at/to-serve-altman/. [Accessed: Jul. 28, 2024.]

In Text:

Number in brackets referencing the source in the bibliography.

Example: A meta-analysis of available literature [10] revealed inconsistency across large-scale studies of student learning.

Citation Managers

A citation manager is a software tool that helps users organize, manage, and format citations for research and writing. It allows users to collect and store bibliographic information, generate citations and bibliographies in various citation styles, and integrate with word processing software to streamline the process of citing sources and creating reference lists.

Check out these free sites for citation assistance:

Note- Computer generated citation tools may not be always correct. Be familiar with your citation manual and look for errors.

Plagiarism

Plagiarism is the act of taking another individual's work and using it as your own. Anytime you paraphrase, summarize, or take words, phrases, or sentences from another individual's work, you should indicate the source of the information in your paper as an in text citation. It is not enough to just list the source in a bibliography at the end of your paper. Failing to properly quote, cite or acknowledge someone else's words or ideas with an in text citation is plagiarism. It is very important to give credit to an individual's work by citing. Plagiarism is violating the U.S. Copyright Law. Such a breach of the U.S. Copyright Law can result in a disciplinary action or legal action against an individual committing the offense.

Check for plagiarism using these free sites:

Academic Integrity and AI

All persons are expected to present and represent their own original work and to fully and properly credit sources of information used in the preparation of their own original work.